Relationship between prostate apex depth and early recovery of urinary continence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the relationship between recovery of urinary continence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) and preoperative prostate apex depth (PAD) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed 184 patients with pathologic confirmed prostate carcinoma who underwent LRP in Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital. All the patients received MRI examination before surgery. Membranous urethral length (MUL) was defined as the distance from the apex of prostate to the level of the urethra at penile bulb on the coronal image. PAD was defined as the distance from the apex of prostate to the suprapubic ridge line on sagittal MRI. PAD ratio (PADR) was defined as PAD/pubic height. All the patients received extraperitoneal LRP. The patients' reporting freedom from using safety pad (0 pad/d) were defined as urinary continence. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of early continence recovery after LRP. Kaplan-Meier analyses and log-rank test were used to compare time to continence recovery between the groups.@*RESULTS@#For all the 184 patients, the average age was (69.0±7.7) years, the ave-rage mass index(BMI) was (25.07±3.29) kg/m2, and the pre-biopsy PSA was (16.80±21.99) g/L. For all the patients who underwent MRI preoperatively, the mean PV was (39.35±25.25) mL and the mean MUL was (14.0±3.7) mm. The mean PAD was (24.52±4.97) mm and the mean PADR was 0.70±0.14. The continence rate for all the patients after LRP was 62.0% and 96.2% in three months and one year. The patients achieving early continence recovery had significant smaller PV (P=0.049), longer MUL (P < 0.001) and higher PADR (P=0.005). Multivariate analysis revealed MUL (P < 0.001) and PADR (P=0.032) were predictors of continence recovery after LRP. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Log-rank test revealed that MUL (≥14 mm vs. < 14 mm, P < 0.001) and PADR (≥0.70 vs. < 0.70, P < 0.001), PV(< 50 mL vs. ≥50 mL, P=0.001) were all significantly associated with continence recovery.@*CONCLUSION@#MUL and PADR are independent predictors of early continence recovery after LRP. MUL, PADR and PV are significantly associated with recovery of urinary continence.

Influence of deep invasive tumor thrombus on the surgical treatment and prognosis of patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma complicated with venous tumor thrombus / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the impact of deep invasive tumor thrombus on the surgical complexity and prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma complicated with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 94 patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma complicated with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus, who underwent surgical treatment in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2017 to June 2020. The patient's general condition, clinicopathological characteristics, surgery and survival information were collected. The patients were divided into two groups based on the intra-operative findings of tumor thrombus adhesion to the venous wall, of which 64 cases were in the deep invasive tumor thrombus (DITT) group and 30 cases were in the non-invasive tumor thrombus (NITT) group. Chi-square, t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for categorical and continuous variables respectively. Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariable Cox regressions were performed to evaluate the influence of DITT on the prognosis of the patients with renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.@*RESULTS@#DITT significantly increase the difficulty of surgery for the patients with renal cell carcinoma with venous tumor thrombus, which was mainly reflected in the longer operation time (362.5 vs. 307.5 min, P=0.010), more surgical bleeding (1 200 vs. 450 mL, P=0.006), more surgical blood transfusion (800 vs. 0 mL, P=0.021), more plasma transfusion (200 vs. 0 mL, P=0.001), a higher proportion of open surgery (70.3% vs. 36.7%, P=0.002), a longer post-operative hospital stay (9.5 vs. 8 days, P=0.036), and a higher proportion of post-operative complications (46.9% vs. 13.8%, P=0.002). DITT was associated with worse overall survival of the patients with renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (P=0.022). Even in the multivariate analysis, DITT was still a poor prognostic factor for the overall survival of these patients [HR: 4.635 (1.017-21.116), P=0.047].@*CONCLUSION@#For patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus, DITT will significantly increase the difficulty of surgery, and may lead to poor prognosis.

Risk factors of renal sinus invasion in clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma patients undergoing nephrectomy / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the clinicoradiological characteristics of clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma patients and to investigate the risk factors of renal sinus invasion in cT1 renal cell carcinoma patients undergoing nephrectomy.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted in cT1 renal cell carcinoma patients from January 2016 to August 2019 in Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy by analyzing clinicopathological and radiological data. The influencing factors of renal sinus invasion for cT1 renal cell carcinoma were determined by χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test and Logistic regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 507 patients were enrolled, including 354 males (69.8%) and 153 females (30.2%). The median age was 59 years and the median body mass index (BMI) was 25.5 kg/m2. Eighteen patients (3.6%) had gross hematuria preoperatively. The median tumor diameter was 3.5 cm. Three hundred twenty-two patients (63.5%) were staged clinical T1a and 165 cases (36.5%) were staged clinical T1b. The median R.E.N.A.L. score was 8. Three hundred fifty-nine patients (70.8%) had regular tumor border and 148 (29.2%) irregular. All the patients underwent surgical treatment, including 186 (36.7%) partial nephrectomy and 321 (63.3%) radical nephrectomy. Postoperative pathology showed seventy-five patients (14.8%) had renal sinus invasion, including 18 in cT1a (5.6%) and 57 in cT1b (30.8%). Univariate analysis showed that age (P=0.020), R.E.N.A.L. score (R value, E value, N value, P < 0.001) and tumor border (P < 0.001) were associated risk factors for cT1 renal cell carcinoma with renal sinus invasion. On multivariate binary Logistic analysis, R.E.N.A.L. score (P≤0.020) and irregular tumor border (P=0.001) were independent risk factors.@*CONCLUSION@#For cT1 renal cell carcinoma patients undergoing nephrectomy, about 15% had renal sinus invasion postoperatively. High R.E.N.A.L. score and irre-gular tumor border help predicting cT1 renal cell carcinoma renal sinus invasion.

Expression and clinical significance of N-Myc and p53 in prostate cancer tissues / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To detect the expression of N-Myc and p53 in the tissues of prostate cancer (PCa) patients and to explore the relationship between them and their significance.Methods A total of 63 patients with PCa and 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent prostate surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were recruited in 2015-2016. The expression of N-Myc and p53 in pathological tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry of MaxVision method. Results The expression of N-Myc and p53 in PCa tissues was increased (P < 0.05). The expression of N-Myc and p53 in PCa tissues was correlated with bone metastases and TNM stage (P < 0.05), but not related to patient age, preoperative PSA level and other factors (P> 0.05). In addition, the expression of p53 was also correlated with Gleason score.Conclusion The high expression of N-Myc and p53 in PCa may involved in the malignant progression and metastasis of prostate cancer, and it is expected to become a new target for detecting PCa metastasis.

Detection of serum and tissue miR-421 in patients with prostate cancer and its diagnostic significance / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To detect the expression of miR-421 in serum and tissues of prostate cancer ( PCa) and its clinical value inPCa. Methods 62 cases of PCa and 46 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were enrolled in the Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical Universi-ty from December 2015 to December 2016. Another 42 cases of paraffin-embedded sections of PCa and 37 cases of BPH were al-so used in this study. The expression of miR-421 in serum was detected by real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of miR-421 in tissues was detected by in situ hybridization. Results The expression of miR-421 in serum of patients with PCa and BPH was ( 2. 52 ± 1. 70 ) and ( 0. 82 ± 0. 65 ), respectively. Compared with the expression of BPH, the expression of miR- 421 in serum of PCa was increased (P＜0. 05). The expression of miR-421 in serum and tissues of patients with PCa was corre-lated with Gleason score, TNM clinical stage, and bone metasta-ses (P＜0. 05). It was not related to the patient's age, preop-erative PSA level and other factors ( P＞0. 05). Conclusion miR-421 is more abundant in PCa patients than that in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and is expected to become a diagnostic marker for PCa.

Chemical constituents from leaves of Ananas comosus and their biological activities / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the leaves of Ananas comosus and their biological activities. Methods: The chemical constituents from the air-dried leaves of A. comosus were isolated and purified by the chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 columns as well as recrystallization. Their structures were identified on the basis of physiochemical properties and spectroscopic data analyses, and the antibacterial activity and artemia lethal activity of the compounds were determined. Results: Eight compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract in the leaves of A. comosus and identified as tricin-4′-O-[10″-O-(8″-hydroxyl) feruloyl-(9‴-O-p-coumaroyl) glyceryl] ether (1), 2, 4-dichlorobenzoic acid (2), tricin (3), chrysoeriol (4), 1-O-p-coumaroylglycerol (5), 1-O-feruloylglycerol (6), 1-O-feruloyl-3-O-p-coumaroyl-glycerol (7), and 1, 3-O-diferuloylglycerol (8). Compound 1 exhibited as well inhibitory activities as positive control Ciprofloxacin (CPFX) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with MIC values of 0.156 μg/mL. The results of artemia lethal activity showed that the IC50 of the compounds 1 and 4 were 21.4 and 25.0 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: All the compounds except 5 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Among them, compound 1 is a new one and named ananasin A, which has the good antibacterial and artemia lethal activity.

Estimation on the size of men who have sex with men among college students in Beijing through the Network Scale-Up Method (NSUM) / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Network Scale-Up Method (NSUM) was used to estimate the Personal Network Size (C) of college students in Beijing and the size of men who have sex with men (MSM).Methods A survey was conducted on Beijing college students to estimate the personal network size (C) through NSUM and then using the back-estimating and attitude adjustment to correct C value and the size of the target population.Results The mean of C among Beijing college students was 97 and the differences of C between different majors and different grades were both statistically significant.Among Beijing College students,3.96％ of them identified themselves as MSM,with the number as 16 260.Conclusion Using the NSUM to estimate C of Beijing college students and size of MSM seemed to be credible which worth popularized.